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Learning Outcomes

Upon graduation from Dickinson, Africana Studies majors will be able to:

• define and apply major concepts, ideologies, and theories relevant to Africana studies, such as African agency/subjectivity;
• identify an appropriate Africana studies research topic, engage with relevant primary and secondary sources, and use applicable research methodologies to answer address the topic;
• evaluate issues relevant to the experiences of people of African descent, in Africa, or in the Diaspora, through a form of cultural immersion.

Major

11 courses and an Experiential Learning Component

AFST 100: Introduction to Africana Studies
AFST 200: Approaches to Africana Studies

Four Africana Studies approved courses, two in Africa and two in the Diaspora

Three courses in an area of concentration (e.g., with focus on Africa or the Diaspora)

AFST 400: Writing in Africana Studies

One elective, which focuses on topics relevant to Africana Studies, including courses which study race, diaspora, Latin America, colonialism, post-colonialism, etc.

Experiential Learning Component requires students to engage with the actual experiences of people of African descent, in Africa or in the Diaspora, whereby students understand and evaluate issues relevant to these communities through some form of cultural immersion, approved by the department. Examples include: Study Abroad, Service Learning Course, Mosaic Program, Internship, Independent Research.

Minor

Six (6) courses

Two (2) Required Courses
AFST 100: Introduction to Africana Studies
AFST 200: Approaches to Africana Studies

Four (4) Elective Courses
One (1) course focusing on Africa
One (1) course focusing on the African Diaspora
Two (2) 300-level Africana studies courses (Africa or Diaspora)

Suggested curricular flow through the major

First Year
AFST 100
AFST 200

Sophomore Year
Three courses to fulfill the 220/300 Africa/African Diaspora course requirement
 Africana Studies Elective

Junior Year
One course to fulfill 220/300 Africa/Africana Diaspora course requirement
Two 300-level Africana Studies courses in an area of concentration (Africa or Diaspora)

Experiential Learning requirement

Senior Year
One 300-level Africana Studies course in an area of concentration (Africa or Diaspora)

AFST 400

Senior Thesis

During the spring of their senior year, Africana Studies majors are required to complete a thesis or project that is based on an original research topic that resonates with their concentration in African or Diasporan studies. The thesis/project must clearly demonstrate that the student understands the concept of African agency, can apply theories and methods of the discipline, and articulate the historical trajectory of the particular topic being examined.

Independent study and independent research

The Africana Studies Department encourages advanced students in the major to undertake independent research and independent study projects. The student, in consultation with the supervising professor, will submit a topic proposal and program of work the semester before the study is undertaken.

Independent study allows a student to pursue an academic interest outside the listed course offerings. The study may include library research and reading and may culminate in several short papers, a single paper, or any other project acceptable to the supervising faculty member and the student.

Independent research, like independent study, allows a student to pursue an academic interest outside the listed course offerings, but it involves primary research which is largely self-initiated and self-directed. Students are encouraged to present the results of independent research at a professional conference, regional meeting, or other public forum.

Honors

Criteria
To be eligible for consideration for honors, an Africana Studies major must have a minimum 3.5 grade point average in the major by the end of the fall semester of junior year and must maintain this GPA through the spring semester. The student normally must not have any breach of the College’s academic code of conduct. Candidates for honors must find a departmental advisor in their area of interest willing to supervise their project during the fall semester of the senior year.

Independent Study (AFST 500)
During the fall of the senior year, the candidate will take an independent study with the advisor. The candidate will develop and submit a prospectus during the 10th week of the fall semester. A prospectus is a detailed research proposal that includes an annotated bibliography of both primary and secondary sources. A candidate must receive formal approval of their prospectus from the Africana Studies Department in order to proceed.

Africana Studies 400
During the spring semester, the candidate will enroll in Africana Studies 400.

Applying for Honors
The department chair, in consultation with the candidate and advisor, will recommend a secondary reader. The primary advisor will assign one grade at the end of the spring term for work in both semesters. Honors candidates will present their work in a public forum as part of Africana Studies 400. The department faculty will read the final thesis and engage each candidate in an oral defense before rendering a decision on honors.

An honors thesis should be approximately 50 pages in length and should demonstrate advanced research and writing skills; extensive use of primary and secondary sources; and effective utilization of key theories and methods in Africana Studies.

Time Line for Honors

Internships

Students may choose to pursue a registered internship (through INP) that will meet the experiential learning requirement. To satisfy the academic requisite, students will apply specific aspects of the histories and theories of Africana Studies to the work experience. The internship must be approved by the Department Chair.

Opportunities for off-campus study

In order to gain a deeper understanding of African and African diasporic communities, students are encouraged to study abroad. For a full list of study abroad options, students should contact the .

Courses

100 Introduction to Africana Studies
This interdisciplinary introduction to Africana Studies combines teaching foundational texts in the field with instruction in critical reading and writing. The course will cover Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade, the creation of African Disaporic communities, the conceptualization and representation of Black culture and identity, and the intellectual and institutional development of Black and Africana Studies.
This course is cross-listed as LALC 121.
Attributes: AMST Representation Elective, Appropriate for First-Year, Global Diversity, Lat Am, Latinx, Carib St Elect, Social Sciences

170 African Civilizations to 1850
This course provides an overview to the political, social, and ecological history of Africa. We will examine the peopling of the continent, the origins of agriculture, the growth of towns and the development of metal technology. Written sources before the 1400s are almost nonexistent for most of Africa, and so we will use archaeological and linguistic sources. The geographic focus of the course will be the Middle Nile, Aksum in Ethiopia, the Sudanic states in West Africa, Kongo in Central Africa, the Swahili states of the East African coast, and Zimbabwe and KwaZulu in Southern Africa. We will also examine the Atlantic Slave Trade and the colonization of the Cape of Good Hope.
This course is cross-listed as HIST 170.
Attributes: AFST - Africa Course, Appropriate for First-Year, Global Diversity, HIST African History Course, Pre-1800 History Course, Social Sciences, Sustainability Connections

171 African History since 1800
In this course we will study the political, social, economic and ecological forces that have shaped African societies since 1800. We will examine in depth the Asante kingdom in West Africa, the Kongo kingdom in Central Africa, and the Zulu kingdom in Southern Africa. European's colonization of Africa and Africans' responses will be a major focus of the course.
This course is cross-listed as HIST 171.
Attributes: AFST - Africa Course, Global Diversity, HIST African History Course, Post-1800 History Course, Social Sciences

200 Approaches to Africana Studies
This course will investigate the importance of conceptual analysis and the development of concepts in the theoretical and textual research of Africana Studies. Thus, the course will focus on various interpretive frameworks and approaches to organizing and understanding Africana Studies, including but not limited to the African model, Afrocentricity, diaspora model, critical race theory, post-modernism, and post colonialism.
Prerequisite: 100.
Attributes: AMST Struct & Instit Elective, Social Sciences, Writing in the Discipline

220 Topics in Africana Studies
Selected topics in Africana Studies at the intermediate level. The subject matter will vary from year to year dependent upon the interests of core and contributing Africana Studies faculty as well as the needs and interests of students. Topics may include the Atlantic Slave Trade and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, Major African American Writers, Caribbean Diasporic Identities, among others.
Prerequisite dependent upon topic.
Attributes: Africana Studies Elective, Social Sciences

221 African Americans Since Slavery
Focuses on the history of Americans of African ancestry in the years following the American Civil War, which ended in 1865. The course examines several important transformations of African Americans as a people. In the first, we consider the transition from slavery to a nominal but highly circumscribed "freedom," which ended with the destruction of Reconstruction governments in the South. We consider the institution-building and community-building processes among African Americans, and the development of distinctive elite and folk cultures among various classes of black people. We examine the Great Migration north and west between 1900 and 1920, and the urbanization of what had been a predominately rural people. Fifth, we consider the differential impact of World War I, the Great Depression, and the New Deal and World War II on African Americans, and the creation of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950's - 1980's.
This course is cross-listed as HIST 273. Offered every two years.
Attributes: HIST North American Hist Crs, Post-1800 History Course, Social Sciences, US Diversity

225 African American Foodways
This course examines the multifarious ways in which food has influenced the expressions of African American identity and culture. We will begin with a discussion of food as a cultural connector that preserves the ties between African Americans and their African antecedents. Subsequently, we will consider specific African American culinary practices and the origins of soul food. Additionally, we will analyze the roles of food in African American social activism. In so doing, we will pay particular attention to the relationships that exist among food consumption, human rights, and African American communal health, as represented by the anti-soul food and black vegetarianism/veganism movements.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, ENST Env Stud Spec (ESSP), Food Studies Elective, Social Sciences, Sustainability Connections, US Diversity

227 It’s a Hip Hop World: The Rise and Implications of Hip Hop beyond the US
This course is an introduction to critical Hip Hop studies from the genesis of the culture in Black America in the 1970s until the global phenomenon it is today. Focusing on the Hip Hop production of marginalized peoples, the course will explore the nature of cultural and political processes which take place when Hip Hop integrates into the dominant or indigenous culture and music. We will discuss the meaning and implications of authenticity in Hip Hop in the face of commercialization, cultural syncretism, and identity politics. We will address issues of appropriation that are embedded in these cultural processes. Finally, we will trace the aesthetic, cultural, and political evolutions of Hip hop on a global scale. Some of the questions the course poses are: how did Hip Hop evolve through the years within the global context? How are the defining features of this culture and music shaped within different marginalized groups and national borders? What unique musical, cultural, and political features make Hip Hop the most popular genre of resistance and self-affirmation around the world? What are some of Hip Hop’s contributions to global social change movements? In this Hip Hop world, which track will you play next?
Attributes: Global Diversity, Humanities

235 Introduction to Caribbean Studies
The greater Caribbean region was at the center of the formation of the modern African Diaspora. Over the years, the Caribbean region has played an influential role in the development of social and cultural movements throughout the African Diaspora. This class will survey the Caribbean, examining its location, population, diversity, and significant role in shaping world events. Students will become familiar with the Caribbean region, its place as a site of empire, and the important role of key intellectuals who were foundational in developing anti-colonial and post-colonial black consciousness. The course will cover the following areas of inquiry: geography and sociology of the region, key theoretical concepts, leading intellectuals, transforming world events and cultural production.
This course is cross-listed as LALC 122.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, Appropriate for First-Year, Lat Am, Latinx, Carib St Elect, Social Sciences

250 Ethnography of Postcolonial Africa
This course is intended as both an introduction to the ethnography of Africa and an examination of postcolonial situations in Africa. We will learn a great deal about the cultural, social, political, and economic diversity of the continent while avoiding the typological thinking that once characterized area studies. Through ethnography we will learn about African cultures, their historical contingencies, and their entanglements in various fields of power. We will assess the changing influences of pre-colonial traditions, colonialism, postcolonial states, and the global economy.
This course is cross-listed as ANTH 230. Offered every fall.
Attributes: ANTH elective, ARCH Area B Elective, Global Diversity, INST Africa Course, Social Sciences

255 Global Eastern Africa
This course examines global connections in the intersections of culture and power that underlie contemporary issues in eastern Africa. The globally marketed indigenous cultures and exotic landscapes of eastern Africa, like current dilemmas of disease and economic development, are products of complex local and transnational processes (gendered, cultural, social, economic, and political) that developed over time. To understand ethnicity, the success or failure of development projects, the social and economic contexts of tourism, responses to the AIDS crisis, the increasing presence of multinational corporations, and other contemporary issues, we will develop an ethnographic perspective that situates cultural knowledge and practice in colonial and postcolonial contexts. While our focus is on eastern Africa, the course will offer students ways to think about research and processes in other contexts.
This course is cross-listed as ANTH 255. Offered every two years.
Attributes: ANTH elective, ARCH Area B Elective, ARCH-Arch, Anth & Environment, Global Diversity, INST Africa Course, Social Sciences

256 Health and Healing in Africa
This course addresses three interrelated aspects of health and healing in Africa. We examine health in Africa from a biomedical perspective, learning about disease, morbidity, mortality, and biomedical care. We place African health and health care into a framework of political economy, examining the causes and consequences of illness and disease and the forces that shape and constrain care. We also examine the cultural and historical dimensions of health and healing in specific regions of the continent, bringing ethnographic knowledge to bear on contemporary health problems and thereby gaining an understanding of the lived experiences of health and healing in Africa.
This course is cross-listed as ANTH 256.
Attributes: ANTH elective, Global Diversity, Health Studies Elective, NRSC Non-Div 3 Elective, Social Sciences

272 The Atlantic Slave Trade and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1450-1850
During several centuries of European colonization in the New World, a thriving slave trade forced the emigration of millions of Africans across the Atlantic-an immigration far larger than the simultaneous immigration of Europeans to the same regions. We will address not only the workings of the slave trade on both sides (and in the middle) of the Atlantic, but also the cultural communities of West and West-Central Africa and encounters and exchanges in the new slave societies of North and South America. Through examination of work processes, social orders, cultural strategies and influences, and ideas about race and geography, across time and in several regions, we will explore the crucial roles of Africans in the making of the Atlantic world.
This course is cross-listed as HIST 272 and LALC 272. Offered every two years.
Attributes: AFST - Africa Course, AFST - Diaspora Course, AMST Struct & Instit Elective, Global Diversity, HIST African History Course, HIST Global Comp Hist Crs, HIST Latin American Hist Crs, Lat Am, Latinx, Carib St Elect, Portuguese & Brazilian Studies, Pre-1800 History Course, Social Sciences

274 The Rise and Fall of Apartheid
The peaceful transition from apartheid to democracy in South Africa in the early 1990s was widely hailed as the "South African Miracle." This course asks why such a transition should be considered miraculous. In order to answer our question, we will begin with South African independence from Britain in 1910 and study the evolution of legalized segregation and the introduction in 1948 of apartheid. After reviewing opposition movements we will move to a discussion of the demise of apartheid and the negotiated political order that took its place. We will examine the machinery and the deliberations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and debate its accomplishments. The course ends with an examination of memory and history.
This course is cross-listed as HIST 274.
Attributes: Global Diversity, HIST African History Course, Post-1800 History Course, Social Sciences

284 Ecological History of Africa
This course provides an introduction to the ecological history of Africa. We will focus in some detail on demography, the domestication of crops and animals, climate, the spread of New World crops (maize, cassava, cocoa), and disease environments from the earliest times to the present. Central to our study will be the idea that Africa's landscapes are the product of human action. Therefore, we will examine case studies of how people have interacted with their environments. African ecology has long been affected indirectly by decisions made at a global scale. Thus we will explore Africa's engagement with imperialism and colonization and the global economy in the twentieth century. The course ends with an examination of contemporary tensions between conservation and economic development.
This course is cross-listed as HIST 284. Offered every two years.
Attributes: AFST - Africa Course, ENST Env Stud Spec (ESSP), Global Diversity, HIST African History Course, INST Sustain & Global Environ, Post-1800 History Course, Social Sciences

304 Afro-Brazilian Literature
This class analyzes the literary production of Afro-Brazilians writers, as well as the representation of Afro-Brazilian characters in literary texts. It reviews different literary periods and the images those periods created and/or challenged and how they have affected and continue to affect the lives of Afro-Brazilians. Also, by paying particular attention to gender and social issues in different regional contexts, the class considers how Brazilian authors of African descent critically approach national discourses, such as racial democracy and Brazilianness. Taught in English. Available as a FLIC option in Portuguese.
This course is cross-listed as PORT 304 and LALC 304. Offered every two years.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, Humanities, Lat Am, Latinx, Carib St Elect, Portuguese & Brazilian Studies, SPAN/PORT Advanced Topics, Writing in the Discipline

310 Special Topics in Caribbean History and Culture
This course offers a critical examination of issues related to the study of the Caribbean within the wider African diaspora. Examples of topics that would be offered at this level are "The Anthropology of Music in the Caribbean" and "The Caribbean and its African and Indian Diasporas."
Attributes: Social Sciences

320 Topics in Africana Studies
Selected topics in Africana Studies at the advanced level. The subject matter will vary from year to year dependent upon the interests of core and contributing Africana Studies faculty as well as the needs and interests of students. Topics may include Representation of the Black Power Revolution, Black Feminisms, African American Women Writers, African Women's History, Race, Gender and the Body, Post-Colonial Feminist Science Studies, and Black Aesthetics and Visual Culture, among others.
Prerequisite dependent upon topic.
Attributes: Africana Studies Elective, Social Sciences

325 Seminar on Toni Morrison I
This course explores the imaginative and critical works of Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison, published between 1971 and 1993. We will begin the semester by tracing Morrison's development as a novelist, paying particular attention to how she crafts her novels and employs them to provide provocative commentaries on Black identity, race relations, and culture. In our analysis of her works, we will apply critical theories, namely psychoanalysis, Black feminism, Womanism, and New Historicism. Subsequently, we will study Morrison as a literary critic. We will consider her claim that the Africanist presence often informs American Literature.
Pre-requisite: One AFST, US Diversity or WGSS course. Cross-listed as WGSS 325.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, AMST American Lit Elective, Humanities, US Diversity, WGSS Hist/Theories/Represent, WGSS Intersect/Instit/Power

326 Seminar on Toni Morrison II
This course examines the fictional works of Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison, published between 1993 and 2015. We will analyze Morrison's artistic expression as a novelist, dramatist, children’s book author, and literary/ cultural critic. In the process, we will examine her provocative commentaries on contemporary Black life, civic inclusion, gendered subjectivities, medical apartheid, and racial reckoning. In our analysis of these works, we will apply theoretical lenses such as trauma theory, ecocriticism, Black existentialism, Black feminism, Africana Womanism, and Black masculinity.
Pre-requisite: One AFST, US Diversity or WGSS course. Cross-listed as WGSS 323.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, AMST American Lit Elective, English Elective, Humanities, US Diversity, WGSS Hist/Theories/Represent, WGSS Intersect/Instit/Power

327 James Baldwin: Reflections of a Radical
This interdisciplinary seminar seeks to trace the evolution of James Baldwin’s artistic and political philosophy from the 1940s until his death in the late 1980s. Through close critical and intersectional engagement with his writing, the seminar will explore the transformation of his thought on artistic purpose, politics of race, class, and sexuality, and the meaning of Black liberation. The seminar will engage the full scope of Baldwin's artistic and intellectual production such as essays, novels, plays, screenplays, poetry and speeches. Finally, the seminar will situate Baldwin as a seminal figure of Black Radicalism not only through his thought and writing but his activism and direct involvement with the Black Left, the Civil Rights Movement and Black Power.
Cross-listed as WGSS 327.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, Humanities, US Diversity

330 African American Women Writers
This course spans the African American literary tradition to examine the historical, political, and social forces that facilitated the evolution of Black women's identities, voices, and roles within and outside of the Black community. Utilizing the intellectual premises of Black feminist, womanist/Africana womanist, and Black queer thoughts, we will analyze these writers' ideologies and representations of self-sovereignty, womanhood, sexuality, activism, race, class, and communalism. Moreover, we will consider their choice of genre to convey their perspectives and cultural commentaries.
Pre-requisite: One AFST, US Diversity or WGSS course. Cross-listed as WGSS 331.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, AMST American Lit Elective, AMST Representation Elective, English Elective, Humanities, US Diversity, WGSS Hist/Theories/Represent, WGSS Sexual & Gendered Plural

331 African American Novel I
This course examines the roots and subsequent development of the African American novel from the 19th to the 20th centuries. Specifically, we explore the multiple ways that African American authors use the novel to (re)define black identity, to build community, and to enter the realm of social protest. We will also consider the trans-cultural and transnational influences on the evolution of the novel's form. Novelists whose works we will read include William Wells Brown, Harriet Wilson, Zora Neale Hurston, Richard Wright, Ralph Ellison, Alice Walker, and Toni Morrison.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, Humanities, US Diversity

332 African American Novel II
This course examines the intersectional politics of race, class, and gender as expressed and problematized in twenty-first-century African American novels. Over the semester, we will consider how these politics not only shaped African Americans’ individual and communal consciousness within the texts, but also how they informed the construction of the narrative proper. Moreover, we will discuss the historical, social, and political milieus of the novels to deepen our understanding of the Black experience in the United States.
Pre-requisite: One AFST or US Diversity course.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, AMST American Lit Elective, Humanities, US Diversity

340 Disfiguring the Black Body
This course will critically analyze the diverse socio-political values and interpretations associated with the black body, both historically and in contemporary contexts. Throughout the term, students will engage with a range of interdisciplinary perspectives and source materials that specifically address discourses surrounding black bodily difference, including gender, age, ability, and weight; notions of usefulness, medical experimentation, and athleticism; and concepts of beauty, particularly about hair. We will also consider the impact of artificial intelligence on black bodily (in)visibility. Ultimately, the course aims to foster an understanding of how black bodies have functioned not only as sites of cultural memory and trauma but also as symbols of black cultural pride and resilience.
Pre-requisite: One AFST or US Diversity course.
Attributes: AFST - Diaspora Course, Social Sciences

341 Black Politics: A Century of Black Radicalism
This is an interdisciplinary course that engages theory, history, and literature in order to explore the evolution of radical Black thought from the abolitionist movement and slave rebellions to the global Black Lives Matter movement. The course will establish and highlight the global Black diaspora as the key agent of political, historical and cultural transformation. We will discuss issues and challenges faced by Black people with respect to global political systems, examine various avenues of political expression, and raise questions and new ideas pertaining to the exploration of Black politics. The course will introduce a wide spectrum of political trends and movements, focusing on radical Black politics: Black Nationalism, Black Marxism, Black Internationalism, Black Feminism, Queer Theory, Afro-Pessimism, as well as contemporary thought on the prison-industrial complex and prison abolition.
Cross-listed with POSC 215.
Attributes: Global Diversity, Humanities, Social Sciences

374 African Women's History
his course examines the role of women in African societies since the nineteenth century. Lectures and readings will be arranged thematically. Themes include sexuality and reproduction, the household, women's economic activity, political power, religion, colonialism, and democracy. After a discussion of gender, we will analyze pre-colonial production and reproduction, family life and religion in the twentieth century, women's roles in nationalist politics, the politics of female genital mutilation, and the lives of two contemporary African women leaders. Readings, including historical studies and novels, songs, and art, will be drawn from across the cultures and languages of Africa.
his course is cross-listed as HIST 374 and WGSS 374 Offered every two years.
Attributes: Global Diversity, HIST African History Course, Post-1800 History Course, Social Sciences

400 Writing in Africana Studies
This course will build on experiences in the methods course. Students in this course continue research toward and writing of a senior thesis. The emphasis is on writing skills and course material; assignments link those skills to work in Africana Studies. Seniors in the major will work independently with the director of Africana Studies and a second faculty reader (representing a discipline closer to the senior's interest) to produce a lengthy paper or special project which focuses on an issue relevant to the student's concentration. Under the direction of the director of Africana Studies, students will meet collectively two or three times during the semester with the directors (and, if possible, other Africana Studies core and contributing faculty) to share bibliographies, research data, early drafts, and the like. This group will also meet at the end of the semester to discuss and evaluate final papers and projects.
Prerequisites: 100 and 200; four 200/300-level AFST approved courses (2 Africa, 2 Diaspora); three 300-level (in area of concentration).